Investigation of pre-service physical education teachers’ epistemological and pedagogical beliefs
Tarık Balcı 1 * , Hatice Çamlıyer 2
More Detail
1 Balıkesir University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Turkey
2 Independent Researcher, Turkey
* Corresponding Author

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine pre-service physical education teachers’ epistemological and pedagogical beliefs and to reveal the relationship between those beliefs. The participants in the study were 333 pre-service teachers studying in physical education and sports teaching departments. The epistemological beliefs questionnaire, and teaching and learning conceptions questionnaire were used as the data collection tools. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation analysis and path analysis were applied. It was determined that the pre-service physical education teachers’ mean scores for learning process-doubting authority/expert knowledge, learning effort and constructivist conception were high, while their scores for innate/fixed ability, certainty of knowledge and traditional conception were moderate. According to the path analysis results, it was revealed that their innate/fixed ability and certainty of knowledge beliefs positively predicted the traditional conception, while their learning process-doubting authority/expert knowledge and learning effort beliefs positively predicted the constructivist conception. As a result of the research, it was determined that generally, the pre-service physical education teachers believed in the importance of effort and process in learning, and that they adopted a constructivist conception. Furthermore, it was revealed that epistemological beliefs are an important variable in predicting pedagogical beliefs.

Keywords

References

  • Abakay, U. (2013). Investigating physical education teacher candidates’ epistemological beliefs. Life Science Journal, 10(3), 2658-2664.
  • Akınoğlu, O. (2018). Öğrenme-öğretmede yeni yönelimler [New directions in learning-teaching]. In B. Oral (Ed.), Öğrenme öğretme kuram ve yaklaşımları [Learning teaching theories and approaches] (4th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Akyıldız, S. (2016). Investigating novice teachers’ teaching-learning approaches on the basis of adoption of curriculum and application variables. Journal of Bayburt Education Faculty, 11(1), 239-252.
  • Akyıldız, S. (2018). Relationships between epistemological beliefs and teaching-learning approaches of high school teachers. The Journal of National Education, 47(217), 77-96.
  • Alemdağ, C. (2015). Pre-service physical education teachers' epistemological beliefs, academic self-efficacy and learning approaches (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
  • Aydın, Ö., Tunca, N., & Alkın-Şahin, S. (2015). Investigation of pre-service science teachers’ conceptions of teaching and learning in relation to some variables. Kastamonu Education Journal, 23(3), 1331-1346.
  • Aypay, A. (2011a). The adaptation of the teaching-learning conceptions questionnaire and its relationships with epistemological beliefs. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 11(1), 7-29.
  • Aypay, A. (2011b). Adaptation of epistemological beliefs questionnaire in Turkish and investigation of pre-service teachers’ beliefs. Eskişehir Osmangazi University Journal of Social Sciences, 12(1), 1-15.
  • Bahçıvan, E. (2017). Epistemological research in educational sciences: Critical investigation of past, present and future perspectives. Mersin University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 13(2), 760-772. https://doi.org/10.17860/mersinefd.301121
  • Baş, G., & Beyhan, Ö. (2013). Correlation between pre-service teachers’ teaching-learning conceptions and their student control ideologies. H. U. Journal of Education, Spesical Issue(1), 14-26. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12452/2007
  • Bayram, N. (2016). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine Giriş Amos Uygulamaları [Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling Amos Applications] (3rd ed.). Ezgi Kitabevi.
  • Brunning, R. H., Schraw, G. J., Norby, M. M., & Ronning, R. R. (2004). Cognitive Psychology and Instruction. Merril Prentice Hall.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı [Guidebook of data analysis for social sciences] (24th ed.). Pegem Akademi. https://doi.org/10.14527/9789756802748
  • Can, Ş., & Çelik, C. (2018). Investigation of science and classroom teachers’ teaching learning understandings. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences, 20(1), 327-339.
  • Canpolat, A. M. (2016). The prediction of physical education teacher candidates’ achievement goals regarding their learning and studying approaches and epistemological beliefs. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 8(2), 83-92.
  • Cevizci, A. (2018). Eğitim Felsefesi [Philosophy of Education] (6th ed.). Say Yayınları.
  • Chai, C. S., & Khine, M. S. (2008). Assessing The Epistemological and Pedagogical Beliefs among Pre-Service Teachers in Singapore. In M. S. Khine (Ed.), Knowing, Knowledge and Beliefs: Epistemological Studies across Diverse Cultures (pp. 287-302). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6596-5
  • Chai, C. S., Teo, T., & Lee, C. B. (2010). Modelling the relationship among beliefs about learning, knowledge, and teaching of pre-service teachers in Singapore. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 19(1), 25-42.
  • Chai, C. S., Teo, T., & Lee, C. B. (2009). The change in epistemological beliefs and beliefs about teaching and learning: A study among pre-service teachers. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 37(4), 351-362. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598660903250381
  • Chan, K. W., & Elliott, R. G. (2002). Exploratory study of Hong Kong teacher education students’ epistemological beliefs: Cultural perspectives and implications on beliefs research. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27(3), 392-414. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.2001.1102
  • Chan, K. W., & Elliott, R. G. (2004). Relational analysis of personel epistemology and conceptions about teaching and learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20(8), 817-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2004.09.002
  • Cheng, M. M., Chan, K. W., Tang, S. Y., & Cheng, A. Y. (2009). Pre-service teacher education students’ epistemological beliefs and conceptions of teaching. Teacher and Teacher Education, 25(2), 319-327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2008.09.018
  • Çelik, H. E., & Yılmaz, V. (2016). Lisrel 9.1 ile Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Temel Kavramlar-Uygulamalar-Programlama [Structural Equation Modeling with Lisrel 9.1 Basic Concepts-Applications-Programming] (3rd ed.). Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal Bilimler için Çok Değişkenli İstatistik SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları [Multivariate Statistics SPSS and LISREL Applications for Social Sciences] (5th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Dancey, C. P., & Reidy, J. (2020). Statistics without Maths for Psychology (8th ed.). Pearson.
  • Deryakulu, D. (2017). Epistemolojik İnançlar [Epistemological Beliefs]. In Y. Kuzgun, D. Deryakulu (Eds.), Eğitimde Bireysel Farklılıklar [Individual Differences in Education] (4th ed.). Nobel.
  • Dimov, B. C., Atanasoska, T., Iliev, D., Andonovska-Trajkovska, D., & Seweryn-Kuzmanovska, M. (2015). Importance of investment in research’s of students and teachers epistemological and pedagogical beliefs. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 1299-1303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.582
  • Ekiz, D. (2006). Öğretmen Eğitimi ve Öğretimde Yaklaşımlar [Teacher Education and Teaching Approaches]. Nobel.
  • Erdamar, G., & Alpan, G. (2015). Öğretmen adaylarının epistemolojik inançlarının ve problem çözme yeteneklerinin gelişimi: Boylamsal bir çalışma [The development of pre-service teachers' epistemological beliefs and problem solving skills: A longitudinal study]. The Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences, 13(2), 77-91.
  • Erden, M. (2017). Eğitim bilimlerine giriş [Introduction to educational sciences] (11th ed.). Arkadaş Yayınevi.
  • Fraenkel, J.R., Wallend, N.E., & Hyun, H.H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (8th ed). McGraw Hill.
  • Güngör, N. B. (2016). The survey of relation between epistemological beliefs and leadership qualities of physical education teacher candidates (Unpublished master’s thesis). Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Hofer, B. K. (2002). Personel Epistemology as a Psychological and Educational Construct: An Introduction. In B. K. Hofer, P. R. Pintrich (Eds.), Personel Epistemology: The Psychology of Beliefs about Knowledge and Knowing (pp. 3-15). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Hofer, B. K., & Pintrich, P. R. (1997). The development of epistemological theories: Beliefs about knowledge and knowing and their relation to learning. Review of Educational Research, 67(1), 88-140. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543067001088
  • Kang, N. H., & Wallace, C. S. (2005). Secondary science teachers’ use of laboratory activities: Linking epistemological beliefs, goals, and practices. Science Teacher Education, 89(1), 140-165. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.20013
  • Ketabi, S., Zahibi, R., & Ghadiri, M. (2014). Pre-service english teachers’ epistemological beliefs and their conceptions of teaching. International Journal of Research Studies in Psychology, 3(1), 3-12. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsp.2013.398
  • Koç, S., & Memduhoğlu, H. B. (2017). Epistemological beliefs of preservice teachers: A mixed method study. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 16(60), 119-134. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.289655
  • Köse, S., & Dinç, S. (2012). The relationships among pre-service science and technology teachers’ biology self-efficacy perceptions and epistemological beliefs. Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 9(18), 121-141.
  • Kutluca, A.Y., Soysal, Y., & Radmard, S. (2018). Reliability and applied adaptation study of the epistemological belief scale towards learning. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 14(1), 1-31.
  • McMillan, J. W., & Schumacher, S. (2014). Research in education: Evidence-based inquiry (7. bs.). Pearson.
  • Meydan C. H., & Şeşen H. (2015). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Amos Uygulamaları [Structural Equation Modeling Amos Applications] (2. Basım). Detay.
  • Otting, H., Zwaal, W., Tempelaar, D., & Gijselaers, W. (2010). The structural relationship between students’ epistemological beliefs and conceptions of teaching and learning. Studies in Higher Education, 35(7), 741-760. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070903383203
  • Özden, Y. (2013). Eğitimde Yeni Değerler [New Values in Education] (9th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Özden, Y. (2014). Öğrenme ve Öğretme [Learning and Teaching] (12th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Özerbaş, M. A. (2012). Bağlaşık Öğrenme Kuramı [Anchored Learning Theory]. In Z. Kaya (Ed.), Öğrenme ve Öğretme Kuramlar, Yaklaşımlar, Modeller [Learning and Teaching Theories, Approaches, Models]. Pegem Akademi.
  • Özkatar-Kaya, E. (2018). Investigation of the relationship of the epistemological beliefs, self-regulation and self-efficacy levels of physical education and sport teacher candidates (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
  • Rodriguez, L. & Cano, F. (2007). The learning approaches and epistemological beliefs of university students: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Studies in Higher Education, 32(5), 647-667. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070701573807
  • Schommer, M. (1990). Effects of beliefs about the nature of knowledge on comprehension. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82(3), 498–504. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.82.3.498
  • Schommer, M. (1993). Epistemological development and academic performance among secondary school students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 85(3), 406-411.
  • Schommer, M. (1994). Synthesizing epistemological belief research: Tentative understandings and provocative confusions. Educational Psychology Review, 6(4), 293-319. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02213418
  • Schommer, M. (1998). The influence of age and schooling on epistemological beliefs. The British Journal of Educational Psychology, 68, 551-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1998.tb01311.x
  • Schommer-Aikins, M. (2002). An Evolving Theoretical Framework for An Epistemological Belief System. In B. K. Hofer, P. R. Pintrich (Eds.) Personel Epistemology: The Psychology of Beliefs about Knowledge and Knowing (pp. 103-118). Erlbaum.
  • Schraw, G., & Olafson, L. (2003). Teachers’ epistemological world views and educational practices. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology, 3(2), 178-235. https://doi.org/10.1891/194589503787383109
  • Seçer, İ. (2017). SPSS ve LISREL ile Pratik Veri Analizi Analiz ve Raporlaştırma [Practical Data Analysis Analysis and Reporting with SPSS and LISREL] (3rd. Ed.). Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Sinatra, G. M., & Kardash, C. M. (2004). Teacher candidates’ epistemological beliefs, dispositions, and views on teaching as persuasion. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 29(4), 483-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2004.03.001
  • Şekercioğlu, A. G., & Yıldırır, H. E. (2018). Examination of the epistemological beliefs of the teacher candidates according to some variables. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 12(1), 205-227. https://doi.org/10.17522/balikesirnef.437742
  • Şişman, M. (2018). Eğitime Giriş [Introduction to Education] (18th ed.). Pegem.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed.). Pearson.
  • Teo, T., Chai, S. C., Hung, D., & Lee, C. B. (2008). Beliefs about teaching and uses of technology among preservice teachers. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 36(2), 163-174. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598660801971641
  • Tezci, E., Erdener, M. A., & Atıcı, S. (2016). The effect of pre-service teachers’ epistemological beliefs on teaching approaches. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 4(n12A), 205-215. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2016.041326
  • Tsai, C. C. (2007). Teachers’ scientific epistemological view: The coherence with instruction and students’ views. Science Education, 91(2), 222-243. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.20175
  • Turan, M. B. (2019). The relationship between university students’ epistemological beliefs and teaching/learning conceptions. International Journal of Progressive Education, 15(1), 184-194. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2019.184.12
  • Wong, K. Y., Chan, K. W., & Lai, P. Y. (2009). Revisiting the relationship of epistemological beliefs and conceptions about teaching and learning of pre-service teachers in Hong Kong. Asia-Pacific Education Researchers, 18(1), 1-19.
  • Yadav, A., & Koehler, M. (2007). The role of epistemological beliefs in preservice teachers’ interpretation of video cases of early-grade literacy instruction. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 15(3), 335-361.
  • Yılmaz, H., & Şahin, S. (2011). Pre-service teachers’ epistemological beliefs and conceptions of teaching. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 36(1), 73-88. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2011v36n1.6
  • Yılmaz, M. (2014). The relationship between teacher candidates' learning styles and their conceptions about teaching and learning and their science teaching efficacy beliefs (Unpublished master’s thesis). Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
  • Yurdakul, B. (2015). Yapılandırmacılık [Constructivism]. In Ö. Demirel (Ed.), Eğitimde Yeni Yönelimler [New Directions in Education] (6th ed.). Pegem Akademi.

License

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.